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SYNANTROPIC FLORA
SYNANTROPIC FLORA, an anthropogenic weed vegetation in habitats disturbed by man. It comprises various plant communities, which represent different stages of restorative or regressive successions: weeds, ruderal, range plants, and other communities.
B.M.Mirkin, L.M.Abramov, A.R.Ishbirdin and others...
SYNANTROPIC BIRDS
SYNANTROPIC BIRDS, the species of wild birds, which live close to human settlements (cities, villages, parks, squares, and gardens). There are obligate synantropes, facultative nesting and facultative non‑nesting synantropes. Obligate synantropes permanently inhabit settlements, they depend on humans...
SYNAGOGUE
SYNAGOGUE, a prayer house in Judaism. This is both a religious and community centre. In Ufa, there are records of the prayer house since 1855. In the late 19th century a wooden synagogue was built. In 1915–30, the synagogue complex consisted of two‑storey stone buildings, a prayer temple (now the building...
SYMPHONY
SYMPHONY, a musical piece for symphony orchestra, usually in the sonata‑cyclic form. The appearance of S. in the Bashk. music art is associated with the creative activity of R.A.Murtazin who followed the classic model of S.
In the 1970s, rethinking of the classic model of the genre was observed in the...
SYABRY
“SYABRY” (“Friends”), a Belorusian song ensemble of the Baltic rural multifunctional club in Iglino district of Bashkortostan. Organized in 1996 by the honored worker of culture of RB A.N. Kharitonov. In 2001 it was titled “People’s”. The band’s repertoire includes Belorusian folk songs: “Tuman yaram”,...
SWAMPS
SWAMPS, excessively moist areas of the earth’s surface covered with hydrophilic vegetation. They develop as a result of land inundation and weediness of water bodies; they are characterized by peat accumulation. By the amount of accumulated peat there are wetlands (less than 30 cm) and peat swamps...
SVYATOSERGEYEVSKY (ST. SERGIUS’) CATHEDRA
SVYATOSERGEYEVSKY (ST. SERGIUS’) CATHEDRAL. Located in Ufa. The Cathedral was built in 1868 as a stone church on the site of a former wooden church structure, that had been destroyed in the fire of 1774. Bishop Philaret consecrated this church in honour of St. Sergius of Radonezh. In 1933, it acquired...
SUYUNDUKOV, Yalil Tukhvatovich
SUYUNDUKOV, Yalil Tukhvatovich (b.20.9.1960, Derevnya Verkhnemambetovo of Baymaksky Raion of the BASSR), Ecologist. Acad. of the AS RB (2016), Dr.Nat.Sci. (Biological Sciences) (2001), Full Professor (2003). Merited Master of Sciences of the RB (2011). After graduating from the BSAU (1983), he continued...
SUTYAGIN, Alexander Vasilyevich
SUTYAGIN, Alexander Vasilyevich (12.8. 1915, Posyolok Magnitniy of Verkhneuralsky Uyezd of Orenburg Gub. — 10.1.1991, Leningrad, buried in Ufa), Singer (lyrical and drama baritone). People’s Artist of the RSFSR (1955) and BASSR (1949), Merited Artist of the RSFSR (1954) and BASSR (1946). Graduated from...
SURFACE WATERS
SURFACE WATERS, waters permanently or temporarily located on the surface of the earth in the form of various water bodies (swamps, reservoirs, glaciers, lakes, ponds, rivers, snow cover, etc). They are referred to inexhaustible renewable water resources. The most part of the SW of the Republic are...
SURA-BATYR
“SURA-BATYR”, a monument of Bashkit literature, epos. It has a poetic and prose form. The stories about Surabatyr were registered at different times by K.G. Gabitov, K.M. Diyarov, Kirey Mergen, R.K. Nasyrov, B.G. Akhmetshin. The epic is based on the plots of Bashkir lores and kubairs about Surabatyr...
SUPPLEMENTARY PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
SUPPLEMENTARY PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION, satisfaction of a person’s educational and prof. needs, prof. development of a person which ensures conformity of a person's qualification to dynamic conditions of prof. activities. S.p.e. is provided through special prof. programs (programs of professional development...
SUPERPLASTICITY
SUPERPLASTICITY, a state in which polycrystalline solid bodies are substantially deformed during tensioning (elongation of up to several thous. %, while for normal plastic deformation it can hardly reach dozens %). S. studies were started in 1970s in UAI (O.A.Kaibyshev, M.H.Rabinovich) and continued...
SUPER HIGH FREQUENCY (SHF) EQUIPMENT
SUPER HIGH FREQUENCY (SHF) EQUIPMENT, Science and Technology field dealing with study and use of electromagnetic oscillations of waves within SHF range (300 MHz — 300 GHz). Between 1977–82, the BSU developed: an electromagnetic well separator (F.L.Sayakhov, M.A.Fatykhov, V.P.Dyblenko et al.) to extract...
SUNYAEV, Zagidulla Iskhakovich
SUNYAEV, Zagidulla Iskhakovich (10.12. 1929, Derevnya Tatar Velyazma of Mordovia National Okrug of the Middle Volga Kray — 7.1.2001, Moscow), Chemical Technologist. Merited Acad. of the AS RB (1991), D.Sci. (Engineering Sciences) (1970), Full Professor (1970). Merited Master of Science and Technology...
SUNE
SUNE (in translation from Bashkir — deep, whirlpool), Kuselyau, a river, a left tributary of the Belaya River. Length — 209 km, basin area — 4,500 km2. The river basin is located in the N of the Belebey Upland and in the Kamsko-Belsk rolling depression. Landscapes are represented by forest-steppe on...
SUNDAY SCHOOLS
SUNDAY SCHOOLS, educational institutions for working teenagers and adults; a form of individual education. In Bashkortostan, the first S.s. were opened by the exiled Poles in the 2nd half of the 19th century in Belebey, Birsk, Zlatoust, Sterlitamak, Ufa, etc. In 1900, there were: in Ufa Gub. — 15 General...
SUNARCHIN, Aval Hadjayevich
SUNARCHIN, Aval Hadjayevich (28.10. 1911, Derevnya Belyankovo of Krasnoufimsky Uyezd of Perm Gub., now Selo Belyanka of Belokataysky Raion of the RB, – 6.1.1995, Ufa), Industrialist. Hero of Socialist Labour (1971). Merited Construction Worker of the RSFSR (1966), the Outstanding Employee of the Gas...
SUMGAN
SUMGAN, Sumgan-Kuguk (in translation from Bashkir — “gone underground”, “having an underground bed”), is the longest cave in the RB. It is located in the Kutuk stow. It is a 3‑tier system of horizontally inclined galleries, corridors and passages. Length — 9,860 m, depth — 134 m, aver. width — 5.3 m,...
SUMBULYA
SUMBULYA is a Bashkir and Tatar holiday dedicated to theautumnequinox(September 22–25). It is held as a “Festival of an ear”, “Harvest festival” after the general field labors are over. S. is the name of the zodiac calendar month. The calendar was used by Bashkirs and Tatars before the Julian calendar...
