Список материалов
SHINGAK-KUL
SHINGAK-KUL, a zoological wildlife reserve of area 240 ha in the territory of Chishminsky Raion. It was organized in order to preserve the natural complex of Shingakkul Lake and its adjacent territory (1952), in 1965 it became a natural monument, in 1995 it obtained its current status. The wildlife...
SHIKHANY
SHIKHANY, single residual mountains, surfacing reef masses. They are located on the right bank of the Belaya River on 20 km stretch. The following relicts and plants, included in The Red List of the RB, grow here: Astragalus helmii, Dianthus acicularis, Limonium caspium, Hedysarum grandiflorum, Asplenium...
SHEZHERE
SHEZHERE is a genealogical history of a tribe, clan, family. There are nominal S. (generational enumeration of the names of relatives in the male line from the founder of the clan or from the compiler) and narrative S. (which include information about the historical events, people, documentary texts,...
SHEZHERE
SHEZHERE, the genealogical history of a tribe, clan, family of Turkic, Mongolian and other peoples, recorded in oral or written form; the historical and functional genre of oriental literature. The compilation of Sh. was associated with ancestral exogamy. Bashkirs had nominal (generational enumeration...
SHEVLE
“SHEVLE” (Summer lightning), Chuvash folk ensemble of the Suukchishma rural culture house, Karmaskaly district of RB. It was founded in 1967 by O.M. Vasilyeva. In 2003 it was titled “People’s”. The ensemble consists of 2 groups: adult and children. Adult members of the ensemble perform in Chuvash old...
SHEVCHUK, Yuriy Yulianovich
SHEVCHUK, Yuriy Yulianovich (b.16.5.1957, Posуlok Yagodnoye of Magadan Obl.), Musician, Songwriter. People's Artist of the RB (2003). Graduated from the BSPI (1980). The founder and leader of the DDT rock‑group (Ufa, 1980). Since 1985, he has lived and worked in St. Petersburg. The key themes of Sh.'s...
SHEEP BREEDING
SHEEP BREEDING, a branch of livestock breeding. In Bashkortostan, sheep (mostly, coarse‑wool sheep) have been bred since olden times; early in the 19th century, fine wool sheep of Merino breed were imported. In 2018, the total number of sheep in all categories of entities reached 719.6 thous.: agricultural...
SHAYTAN
SHAYTAN is an evil spirit in Bashkir mythology, relates to the jinn category. They can look like humans or other living creatures. According to certain beliefs, they live in yurts with their families, according to other beliefs – in caves in groups. They emit fire from their mouths while sleeping. They...
SHAYMURATOV, Minigali Minazovich
SHAYMURATOV, Minigali Minazovich (15.8.1899, Derevnya Bishtyaki of Ufimsky Uyezd of Bishtyaki Gub., in present Selo Shaymuratovo of Karmaskalinsky Raion of the RB, – 23.2.1943, buried in Selo Petrovskoye, Ukr. SSR), Military Leader, Major General (1942). Awarded with the Order of the Red Flag (1938,...
SHASHIN, Valentin Dmitriyevich
SHASHIN, Valentin Dmitriyevich (16.6.1916, Baku – 22.3.1977, Moscow), Statesman. Laureate of the Lenin Award (1976). Awarded with the Order of Lenin (1959, 1966, 1971, 1976), Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1948). Graduated from the Moscow Gubkin’ Oil Institute (1943). Since 1932 at Ishimbayneft,...
SHARONOV, Andrey Vladimirovich
SHARONOV, Andrey Vladimirovich (b.11.2.1964, Ufa), Statesman. Candidate of Sociological Science (1994). Merited Economist of the RF (2006). Awarded with the Order of Honour (2009). Graduated from the UAI (1986), Russian Presidential Academy of Public Administration (Moscow, 1996). Since 1989 in Moscow:...
SHARLY FOREST
“SHARLY FOREST”, Bashkir ethnic song, uzun-kuy. First registered by G.K. Yenikeev in 1880s, it appears in his handwritten collection “Bashkir and Tatar songs” (known as “Digest № 1”; is preserved in the folklore cabinet of USIA). The song is dramatic. The origin of “S.F.” is connected with the event,...
SHARIPOV, Akhsan Sharifgaliyevich
SHARIPOV, Akhsan Sharifgaliyevich [17.8.1927, Derevnya Chishma of Birsky Canton of the BASSR (Baltachevsky Raion of the RB) – 14.3.2004, Ufa, buried in the homeland], Industrialist. Hero of Socialist Labour (1981). Awarded with the Order of Lenin (1966, 1980), Order of the October Revolution (1976)....
SHARANSKY RAION
SHARANSKY RAION, located in the western part of the RB. Established on January 31st, 1935 due to the disamalgamation of Bakalinsky, Tuymazinsky and Chekmagushevsky raions of the BASSR. Abolished on December 12th, 1962, becoming part of Tuymazinsky Raion. Newly established on December 30th, 1966. Territory...
SHAMSUTDIN
SHAMSUTDIN, a bayou lake 1.5 km W of Birsk, in the basin of the Belaya River, a natural monument (1965). Surface area — 3.2 km2, length — 8 km, width — 150—400 m, aver. depth — 6—7 m (max. — 11.8 m), volume of water — 3.2 million m3. Nymphaea candida, Nuphar lutea, Potamogeton lucens grow in the lake,...
SHAMMAZOV, Airat Mingazovich
SHAMMAZOV, Airat Mingazovich (b.31.8.1947 in Ufa), Mechanical Engineer. Academidician of the AS RB (2009), Doctor of Engineering (1986), Full Professor (1988). Merited Scientist of the RF (2003) and the RB (1997), Expert of the USSR High School (1985), Merited Worker of Higher Vocational Education of...
SHAMIGULOV, Galiy Kamaletdinovich
SHAMIGULOV, Galiy Kamaletdinovich (15.10.1890, Sterlitamak – 25.11.1959, Kiev), Statesman. Member of the RSDLP(b) since 1910. Participant of the Civil War. Awarded with the Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1944). Since 1917, Head of the Ufa Gub. Headquarters of Combat Agencies of the People’s Arms...
SHAMANISM
SHAMANISM (from the Evenk language shaman, saman – exited, ecstatic person) is one of the earliest forms of religion based on the idea that a shaman (priest of the cult) communicates with the spirits during kamlaniye singing (mystical action). It is connected with animism, magic, totemism, fetishism;...
SHALGYZ-YIRAU
SHALGYZ-YIRAU, Shalgyiyz‑Yiray, Shalgyiyz Telensi Uly, poet‑improviser. No documented information about him has been preserved. According to a number of researchers, he was born in 1465 on the left bank of the Yaik River. While taking part in military campaigns, he visited the Crimea, the North Caucasus,...
SHAKUROVA Shaura Rashitovna
SHAKUROVA Shaura Rashitovna (b. 10.12. 1967), folklorist, screenwriter, playwright. Candidate of Philology (1998). Her research is devoted to the problems of Bashkir epic studies, mythology, and textology. Author of more than 40 research papers. Sh.’s novel “Let the wind carry my words away...” is written...
