Список материалов
PRECIOUS DEPOSITS
“PRECIOUS DEPOSITS” (“Duno marzyanyes”) i s a n i n t e r r e g i o n a l f e s t i v a l o f U d m u r t f o l k b a n d s. It has been held since 2007 as a regional festival; in its current form since 2013 (once every 2 years). The festival invites adult and children’s folklore...
PRAYERS
PRAYERS are a verbal application to the deities uttered while praying (see Feast of sacrifice). Traditionally people spread P. orally, according to the ethnic beliefs, they were one of the most effective and safe ways to protect a person against diseases and bad luck. E.g. the Udmurt P. at the...
POVARISOV, Sufiyan Shamsutdinovich
POVARISOV, Sufiyan Shamsutdinovich [29.8.1924 in Derevnya Tupeyevo, Belebeyevsky Canton of the BASSR (now Ilishevsky Raion of the RB) — 3.7.2016 in Ufa]. People’s Writer of the RB (2011). Dr.Sci (Philology,1991), Full Professor (1993), Merited Scientist of the RB (1992) and the Republic of Tatarstan...
POULTRY FARMING
POULTRY FARMING, a process of raising domesticated birds; a branch of livestock breeding. In Bashkortostan, P.f. began developing as an industry in the 1920s. The following farms function in the RB: Ashkadarskaya, Bashkirskaya, Tuymazinskaya, Turbaslinskiye Broilery, Ufimskaya, Jubileynaya. In 2016,...
PORT-ARTUR
PORT-ARTUR, a Bashkir ethnic song, kyska-kyuy. First recorded by G.Z. Suleymanov in 1938, published in the Bashkort Khalk Yirdary digest. Drama song. According to a legend, composed by the Bashkirs who participated in the defense of the Port-Arthur fortress during the Russo-Japanese war of 1904–05....
PORTARTUR
PORTARTUR, a Bashk. folk song, kyska-kyuy. First recorded by G.Z.Suleymanov in 1938, published in the Bashkort Khalk Yirdardary digest. Drama song. According to a legend, composed by the Bashkirs who participated in the defense of the Port-Arthur fortress during the Russo-Japanese war of 1904—05. The...
POPKOVSKIYE LAKES
POPKOVSKIYE LAKES, a stow, a natural monument (2003). Located 2 km S of Derevnya Vozdvizhenka of Khaibullinsky Raion. Territory – 10 ha. It includes 2 dried lakes. The landscapes are represented by forests (birch, aspen), bushy steppes and alkaline meadows. The following plants grow here: Paeonia hybrida...
POMYKALOV, Ildar Valeryevich
POMYKALOV, Ildar Valeryevich (b.9.6. 1971 in Ufa), Athlete. Merited Master of Sports (athletics) of Russia (2000). Distinguished Athlete of the RB (1997). Awarded with the Order of Honour (2006), Order of Friendship (2002), Order for Merits to the Republic of Bashkortostan (2000), Order of Salavat Yulayev...
POMERANTSEVA (Gofman) Erna Vasilyevna
POMERANTSEVA (Gofman) Erna Vasilyevna [7(19).4.1899–11.9.1980], folklorist, ethnographer, teacher. Doctor of History (1964). Her research is connected with the study of the theory and history of Russian folk tales and other genres, interethnic folklore, the relationship between literature and folklore....
POLYGRAPHIC INDUSTRY
POLYGRAPHIC INDUSTRY, an industry for the production of various types of printed materials (newspapers, books, magazines, letterheads, calendars, etc) and stationeries (exercise books, notebooks, etc). In Ufa, printing houses were opened in 1801 by the decree of Yekaterina II, and in the late 60s —...
POLYETHYLENETEREPHTHALATE
POLYETHYLENETEREPHTHALATE, thermoplastic, polyester terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. P.t. production using solid‑phase catalytic polycondensation of terephthalic acid with liquid ethylene glycol technology was mastered in Bashkortostan in 2008 at the Polief Plant. Used for the manufacturing of...
POLYEF
POLYEF, AO (Blagoveshchensk). Produces polyethylene terephthalate. It is the only manufacturer of purified terephthalic acid in Russia. In 1991, the construction of Bash. Polyether Complex Himvolokno was started; in 1992, it was transformed into CAO Batex, the construction was suspended in the same...
POLYEDRON
POLYEDRON, ZAO. Produces approx. 300 models of leather haberdashery made of artificial and genuine leather: women's and men's bags, sports bags, schoolbags, folders, backpacks, business card holders, belts, small leather goods. Founded in 1940 as Ufa Haberdashery Factory, since 2011 has its current...
POLITICAL REPRESSIONS VICTIMS ASSOCIATION OF THE RB
POLITICAL REPRESSIONS VICTIMS ASSOCIATION OF THE RB, public association established to protect the rights, dignity and interests of persons subjected to political purges and subsequently rehabilitated citizens and their relatives. Located in Ufa. Established in April, 1991. Member of the Russian Association...
POLITICAL REPRESSIONS
POLITICAL REPRESSIONS were carried out in the USSR in the 1930s – early 50s on charges of political crimes against individual citizens, social groups, classes and peoples; carried out by state bodies. In Bashkortostan, 25.5 thous. farms were dispossessed (ref. Kulaks), 22.5 thous. peasants were repressed...
POLITICAL PARTIES
POLITICAL PARTIES, public associations with the purpose of participation in the political life. Political parties also determine the political course of the state. P.p. express their members and supporters political will, participate in political actions, elections, referendums, exercise of power through...
POLAK, Alexey Filippovich
POLAK, Alexey Filippovich (4.6.1911, Tiflis — 31.7.1990, Ufa), Civil Engineer. Dr. of Engineering Science (1965), Full Professor (1968). Merited Master of Sciences and Technology of the RSFSR (1980) and BASSR (1974). Laureate of the USSR State Award (1984). Awarded with the Order of the Red Banner of...
POKROV DAY
POKROV DAY (Holy virgin Theotokos Protection) is a fixed religious Slavic holiday. It appeared as a memory of what happened in the beginning of the 10th. c. in Constantinople. The surrounded people were praying very hard to be saved and Virgin Mary herself and other Saints and angels joined their praying....
POISONOUS PLANTS
POISONOUS PLANTS, the species of flora, which produce and accumulate toxic substances, which can cause poisoning of humans and animals. In the RB they can be found among Pterophyta, Lycopodiophyta, Equisetophyta, Gymnospermae and Angiospermae. They are widespread in such families as Umbellíferae, Liliaceae,...
POISONOUS ANIMALS
POISONOUS ANIMALS, the organisms that contain substances, which are poisonous for other species. There are about 5000 P.a. species known, their poisoning capacity depends on age, gender, nutrition, etc. P.a. pollinate plants (bees, bumblebees), regulate number of agricultural and forest crops pests,...
