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PEOPLE’S SESEN OF BASHKIR ASSR
PEOPLE’S SESEN OF BASHKIR ASSR is an honorary title. It was given to people prominent for their improvisational achievements in art. It was established by the decree of the Supreme Council of BASSR Presidium of April 14, 1944. The Supreme Council of BASSR could assign or remove the title after the Writers...
PEOPLE’S ASSEMBLY OF THE RB
PEOPLE’S ASSEMBLY OF THE RB, public organization established to preserve and strengthen international harmony in the RB and the Russian Federation. Located in Ufa. Founded in June 2000, by the World Kurultay (Congress) of Bashkirs, Russians Assembly of Bashkortostan, Tatars Congress of Bashkortostan...
PEOPLE’S ARMED LAW ENFORCEMENT TROOPS
PEOPLE’S ARMED LAW ENFORCEMENT TROOPS (PALET), detachments of the Red Guard in the South Urals. Formed by the Ufa Council of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies in the Summer–Autumn period of 1917. They were first named workers’ militia druzhinas (detachments), whose task was to protect law and order in...
PENTATONIC
PENTATONIC is a sound system with 5 steps within an octave. P. is the basis of mode thinking of many peoples including Bashkirs, Tatars, Maris, Chuvashes, Mordovians, Udmurts living in the Volga and Urals regions. There are 4 types of P.: semitoneless (angemitone), semitone, mixed, tempered. The sounds...
PELICANS
PELICANS (Pelecanus), a phylum of birds of Pelecanidae or Steganopodous family. There are 6 species throughout the globe. In the RB there are Dalmatian P. and Pink P. P. have body length range of 160–180 cm (140–175 cm for Pink P.), and body mass up to 14 kg. They eat fish. In the 1940s, the Dalmatian...
PEKARSKY, Pyotr Petrovich
PEKARSKY, Pyotr Petrovich [19.5.1827, Seltso Otrada of Ufa Uyezd of Ufa Gub., now within the limits of Ufa, — 12.7.1872, Pavlovsk], a historian, bibliographer. Academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg (1868), Dr.Sci (Russian History,1872). Actual State Counsellor. Graduated...
PEASANT WAR OF 1773—75
PEASANT WAR OF 1773—75 (Pugachyov Uprising, the 1773—75 Civil War) is Russia’s largest movement of the masses of people in the Middle and Lower Volga, the Southern Urals and Western Siberia territories. Caused by the strengthening of feudal oppression, violation of the South‑Eastern territories population’s...
PEASANT REFORM OF 1861
PEASANT REFORM OF 1861, a reform that abolished serfdom in Russia. In Ufa, the Manifesto on Reform was announced on March 15th, 1861. In Orenburg Gub. personal freedom and property rights were received by landlords peasants (137.4 thous. people), peasants of private mining plants (137.8 thous. people)...
PEASANT LAND BANK
PEASANT LAND BANK, monument of history, architecture and urban planning of the beginning of the 20th century. Located in Ufa (14 Sovetskaya Street). Built by architect Drucker in 1906 (or, according to other data, in 1908 and possibly 1912). It is a two‑story brick building of eclectic style with modern...
PEASANT INSURGENCY OF 1918–21
PEASANT INSURGENCY OF 1918–21, anti‑Bolshevik peasants uprisings caused by discontent with the policy of the Soviet power, particularly introduction of rigid centralization to the national economy. In Ufa Gub., the first uprisings took place between March—April 1918, in Birsky Uyezd, which was severely...
PEASANT (FARMER) FARM
PEASANT (FARMER) FARM, a union of individuals jointly executing agricultural production activities. In the Republic, there are 6,100 P.(f.)f., their agricultural land area being 692.3 thous. ha (2016). The P.(f.)f. participation rate in the total output increased from 1.1% (2000) to 9.3% (2015). High...
PEAR
PEAR, a plant genus of the Rosaceae family. There are about 60 species known. In the RB the Ussuri P. is being grown in all the agricultural zones. Winter resistent, reproduced by grafting. The highest yield — 150 Cwt/ha (Kushnarenkovskoe Experimental Production Farm, 2009). Fruits are used fresh and...
PEA
PEA, a plant genus of the Fabaceae family. There are 6—7 species known. In Bashkortostan field P. is being cultivated, which has edible (shell and vegetable) and fodder varieties. Annual herbaceous plant. Blooms in June. Fruit — bean with 3—10 seeds, ripens at the end of July – beginning of August....
PAZUKHIN Pyotr Vasilyevich
PAZUKHIN Pyotr Vasilyevich (1.4.1889– 23.7.1917), musicologist, folklorist. Author and compiler of the 2nd part of the musical-folk collection “Samples of motifs of Chuvash folk songs and their texts” (Simbirsk, 1912), which included 98 notated round dances, weddings, recruiting of soldiers, and ritual...
PAVLOVSKOYE RESERVOIR
PAVLOVSKOYE RESERVOIR, on the Ufa River, the largest in the RB. The dam site is near Selo Pavlovka of Nurimanovsky Raion. Built in 1959. Catchment area of the river in the cross-section of the water development — 47,100.0 km2, aver. annual volume of inflow — 10,740.0 million m3, full volume — 1,411.0...
PAVLOV, Valentin Nikolayevich
PAVLOV, Valentin Nikolayevich (b.10.3. 1966 in Ufa), Urologist. Associate Member of the RAS (2016), Dr.Sci (Medical Sciences) (1999), Full Professor (2002). Merited Master of Sciences of the RB (2006), Excellent Worker of Public Health of the RB (2007). After graduating from the BSMI (1989) worked in...
PAVLOV, Leonid Ilyich
PAVLOV, Leonid Ilyich (3.8.1910, Yaroslavl – 26.3.1977, Ufa), Industrialist. Awarded with the Order of Lenin (1971), the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1966), and the Order of the Red Star (1943). Graduated from the UAI (1955). Since 1941 at UMEP (since 1946 Shop Supervisor); between 1957–74 Dir....
PAUTOVA, Elena Osipovna
PAUTOVA, Elena Osipovna (b.22.1. 1986 in Sochi), Athlete. Merited Master of Sports (athletics) of Russia (2004). Distinguished Athlete of the RB (2005). Awarded with the Order of Honour (2012), Order of Friendship (2006), Order of Peoples’ Friendship of the RB (2008), Order of Salavat Yulayev (2004),...
PATRIOTIC WAR OF 1812
PATRIOTIC WAR OF 1812, the liberation war of Russia against France. More than 20 thous. people from Bashkortostan participated in the war. On the Orenburg Gub. territory the following troops were formed: 1–20th Bashkir Cavalry, Butyrsky, Vilmanstrandsky, Rylsky Ufa Infantry troops, 25th, 26th, 29–31st...
PATRIMONIAL LAW OF THE BASHKIRS
PATRIMONIAL LAW OF THE BASHKIRS, a set of legal norms regulating the possession, use and disposal of land by the Bashkir communal peasants. Goes back to the customary law. P.L.o.t.B. regulated land relationship within the Bashkir society, between the Bashkir holders of patrimonial estate and the State,...
