Список материалов
NON‑FAIRYTALE ETHNIC PROSE
NON‑FAIRYTALE ETHNIC PROSE. It is represented by bylichkas, lore, stories-memories and other folklore genres. Motifs of Bashkir folklore were partly borrowed by Russian tellers and storytellers of other RB peoples who had moved to the territory in the 18–19th c. The popular plots are – protests against...
NUGUSH
NUGUSH is the character from the “Ural-batyr” epic, the second son of Ural-batyr. N. is very strong and valorous from early childhood. When diyu attack their country and flood it, 6-year-old batyr makes a boat and saves his people from the flood; he destroys all the snakes including Zarkum. Having received...
ORAL LITERATURE
ORAL LITERATURE is one of the main kinds of verbal art (together with folklore and literature), improvised art of professional authors, which was accompanied with musical instrument in the majority of cases. Works of O.l. express the individual worldview, aesthetic ideals, style of particular authors....
ORNAMENTATION
ORNAMENTATION is relatively short melodical combination of sounds to decorate the melody, make it more expressive, show the skills of a musician. O. includes melismas, tirades, passages, coloraturas, glosses, fiurituras, figurations. O. can be written in notes or marked by the signs of melismatics (forschlags,...
PAASONEN Heikki
PAASONEN Heikki (2.1.1865–24.8.1919), folklorist, ethnologist, linguist. Doctor of Philosophy (1893). Full member of the Finnish Academy of Sciences (1908). His research is devoted to comparative linguistics, dialectology, and folklore of the Finno-Ugric and Turkic peoples. In 1889–1900, he collected...
PAREMIA
PAREMIA is a clan notion of folklore aphoristic minor prose (proverbs, idioms, riddles, etc.) The first meaning is to read the parables from the Holy Scriptures spoken in Church. The book with parables were called pareymiks. P. is a proverb with a wide meaning in folklore science. There are derivative...
PASSED LIFE
“PASSED LIFE”, “L i t t l e l e f t”, Bashkir ethnic song, uzun‑kuy. First registered in the 1930’s by S. Gabyashi. The lyrics are published in the book “Bashkir ethnic art”, notes and lyrics were published in the “Bashkort khalk yirdary” collection by G.Z. Suleymanov. The song is‑ lyroepic. It is...
PASSED LIFE
“PASSED LIFE”, “L i f e”, Bashkir ethnic song, khalmak‑kuy. Firstly registered in 1923 by S.Galimov from A.D. Khusainov in Temyasovo village, Zilairskiy canton, BASSR (Baymakskiy District, RB). The lyrics are published in the book “Bashkir ethnic art” by S. Gabyashi. It is also published with notes...
PAZUKHIN Pyotr Vasilyevich
PAZUKHIN Pyotr Vasilyevich (1.4.1889– 23.7.1917), musicologist, folklorist. Author and compiler of the 2nd part of the musical-folk collection “Samples of motifs of Chuvash folk songs and their texts” (Simbirsk, 1912), which included 98 notated round dances, weddings, recruiting of soldiers, and ritual...
PENTATONIC
PENTATONIC is a sound system with 5 steps within an octave. P. is the basis of mode thinking of many peoples including Bashkirs, Tatars, Maris, Chuvashes, Mordovians, Udmurts living in the Volga and Urals regions. There are 4 types of P.: semitoneless (angemitone), semitone, mixed, tempered. The sounds...
PEOPLE’S SESEN OF BASHKIR ASSR
PEOPLE’S SESEN OF BASHKIR ASSR is an honorary title. It was given to people prominent for their improvisational achievements in art. It was established by the decree of the Supreme Council of BASSR Presidium of April 14, 1944. The Supreme Council of BASSR could assign or remove the title after the Writers...
PEROVSKIY, song
“PEROVSKIY”, “Perovskiy march”, Bashkir ethnic naigrysh melody. First registered by K.B. Shubert, published in the book “Music and songs of the Ural Muslims and their household description”. Naigrysh resembles a dancing march. Its origin is connected with the expedition led by V.A. Perovskiy in 1853...
PETROV DAY
PETROV DAY is a religious day for Slavic people and the summer holiday in honor of apostles Peter and Paul of the Orthodox. It is celebrated annually on July 12. According to belief, it was considered to be the zenith of summer. People did not collect herds, wreaths, etc. after P.d. Some agricultural...
PETROV Igor Georgievich
PETROV Igor Georgievich (b.7.3.1962), ethnographer. Candidate of History (1993). His research is devoted to the ethnographic history of the Chuvash people of Bashkortostan, collection and historiography of Chuvash folklore, etc. Author of more than 120 research papers. Member of the Association of Anthropologists...
PETROV-TURINGE Pyotr Andreyevich
PETROV-TURINGE Pyotr Andreyevich (6.6.1887–1943), ethnographer, local historian, folklorist. His research is connected with the study of history, ethnography, and folklore of the Chuvash people of Bashkortostan. In 1927– 30, Chairman of the Chuvash section of the Society for the Study of Bashkiria....
PETTY OFFICER MASAGUT
“PETTY OFFICER MASAGUT”, Bashkir kubair. First registered in the 1920’s by G.F. Vildanov in Abdulgazino village of TamyanKatayskiy canton, BASSR (Abzeli lovskiy District, RB). It is published without a title in the “Bashkort aymagy” collection (1927, №4). The kubair is dramatic. Its origin is connected...
PLAY, MORDOVIAN SQUEEZEBOX
“PLAY, MORDOVIAN SQUEEZEBOX!” (“Sedyak, Erzyan garmoniya!”), a r e g i o n a l f e s t i v a l. It is held in the village Naumkino in Aurgazinsky district of the RB in order to revive and preserve the traditions and rituals of Mordovia, develop folk instrumental performance, and strengthen interethnic...
POKROV DAY
POKROV DAY (Holy virgin Theotokos Protection) is a fixed religious Slavic holiday. It appeared as a memory of what happened in the beginning of the 10th. c. in Constantinople. The surrounded people were praying very hard to be saved and Virgin Mary herself and other Saints and angels joined their praying....
POMERANTSEVA (Gofman) Erna Vasilyevna
POMERANTSEVA (Gofman) Erna Vasilyevna [7(19).4.1899–11.9.1980], folklorist, ethnographer, teacher. Doctor of History (1964). Her research is connected with the study of the theory and history of Russian folk tales and other genres, interethnic folklore, the relationship between literature and folklore....
PORT-ARTUR
PORT-ARTUR, a Bashkir ethnic song, kyska-kyuy. First recorded by G.Z. Suleymanov in 1938, published in the Bashkort Khalk Yirdary digest. Drama song. According to a legend, composed by the Bashkirs who participated in the defense of the Port-Arthur fortress during the Russo-Japanese war of 1904–05....
