Список материалов
PRAYERS
PRAYERS are a verbal application to the deities uttered while praying (see Feast of sacrifice). Traditionally people spread P. orally, according to the ethnic beliefs, they were one of the most effective and safe ways to protect a person against diseases and bad luck. E.g. the Udmurt P. at the...
PRECIOUS DEPOSITS
“PRECIOUS DEPOSITS” (“Duno marzyanyes”) i s a n i n t e r r e g i o n a l f e s t i v a l o f U d m u r t f o l k b a n d s. It has been held since 2007 as a regional festival; in its current form since 2013 (once every 2 years). The festival invites adult and children’s folklore...
PRIGOVORY
PRIGOVORY is a genre of family household ritual folklore. They were uttered as a kind of a game as they are rythmic, rhyming poetic texts. Functionally they are similar to zaklichkas but the difference is in addressee and addresser. P. were performed by adults and they are addressed to different participants...
PROHIBITIONS
PROHIBITIONS, taboo is a system of con cepts connected with the ancient pagan beliefs (see Animism, Hosts-spirits, Earth-Water, Totemism, etc.), is a minor folklore genre which regulates the life of a person, considers if it is acceptable to do an action. The genre is syncretic, it is connected with...
PROVERB
PROVERB is a folklore genre, grammatically and lexically complete, rhythmically organized set expression used in everyday communication with the aim to teach people by means of transferring a generalized idea proved by life experience in short form. It is emotionally expressive and can be used multiple...
PUGACHEV’S MARCH
“PUGACHEV’S MARCH”, “P u g a c h e v”, “T h e r o a d”, Bashkir ethnic song, khalmak-kuy. First registered by N.D. Shunkarov in 1961 in Bobrovyi Gay village, Pugachev District, Saratov region, and published in “Bashkort khalyk izhady” collection. Refers to the songs about the Peasant War of 1773–1775....
PYARIY
PYARIY is an evil demon – a master of wind in Bashkir mythology. Its origin is connected with Iranian spirits – pari. It appears in bylichkas. These spirits are non-personified deities that can appear to people as humans or animals (bears, ducks, cats etc.). It is possible to recognize a P. in human...
RAKHIMKULOV Murat Galimovich
RAKHIMKULOV Murat Galimovich (30.4.1925–4.5.2015), literary critic. Candidate of Philology (1967). His research papers are devoted to the study of Russian-Bashkir literary and folklore connections as well as local literary lore. Author of more than 200 research papers. In the works “Pages of Friendship”...
RAKHIMOV Kamil Yusufovich
RAKHIMOV Kamil Yusufovich (25.8. 1900, Sevastopol – 25.2.1978, Ufa), Composer, Folklorist, Public Figure (music). After graduating from the Bashk. Technical School of Arts (1929), he worked at the Bashk. Drama Theater and at the Republican Radiofixation Committee at the People’s Commissariat of BASSR....
RAKHIMOV Ravil Galimovich
RAKHIMOV Ravil Galimovich (b. 20.4.1948), musicologist, folklorist, facilitator, teacher, bayan player. Doctor of Art History (2006). His research is devoted to ethnic music, the history of Bashkir ethnic musical instruments. Author of more than 50 research papers. In 1983–2006, more than 1500 instrumental...
RAMAZAN
“RAMAZAN” T u r k i c e t h n i c e d u c a t i o n a l c e n t e r i n B a s h k o r t o s t a n, a NGO established in Ufa in 1989. In cooperation with “Vatanym”, “Sakhibdzhamal”, “Tatars’ Congress”, Tatar Historical Cultural Center, participates in holidays, contests and festivals. Organizes...
RAVEN NESTLING
“RAVEN NESTLING” (“Bala karga”) is a Bashkir naigrysh music genre. First registered by A.S. Klucharyev in the 1930’s, published in the “Bashkort khalk yirdary” collection. The only vocal version of the naigrysh music genre is registered from K.M. Diyarov and published in the “Sal Uraldyn mondary” book....
RAVEN PORRIDGE
RAVEN PORRIDGE is a Bashkir tradition al holiday dedicated to the meeting of spring. It is connected with the ancient cult of birds – cult of the raven (see Cults) as well as with mythical and ritual ground burials: the birds would peck all the remains of a dead body after the snow would melt (and...
RED AMBLE
“RED AMBLE”, Bashkir ethnic melody. First registered by S.G. Rybakov and published in the book “Music and songs of the Ural Muslims and their household description”. The melody is for dancing. The legend of “R.A.” tells about a dzhigit and his frisky horse – the winner of the horse competition....
RED HORSE WITH A STAR ON HIS FOREHEAD
“RED HORSE WITH A STAR ON HIS FOREHEAD”, Bashkir ethnic song, uzun-kuy. It was first registered by S. Gabyashi and published in “Bashkir ethnic songs” collection (1935). The song is lyroepic. Its origin is associated with the Patriotic was of 1812. The lyrics have the form of dialogue between young...
REVIVAL
“REVIVAL” a c e n t e r o f P o l i s h c u l t u r e a n d e d u c a t i o n i n B a s h k o r t o s t a n, an NGO established in Ufa in 1997. Events held annually with participation of “R.”: Days of Polish Culture in Bashkorto stan, traditional holidays “Dozhinky”, “Za pusty”, “Gaik Green”, etc.;...
RITUAL POETRY
RITUAL POETRY is a verbal-poetic constituent of the rituals. R.p. is traditional, stable, successive, functionally significant, it naturally combines improvisation and canons. It can be divided into calendar poetry and family-household ritual poetry, both based on the belief in the magical power of...
RITUALS
RITUALS, a set of ritual actions, stipulated by customs and social conventions, that embodied religious notions, everyday traditions, social ideas and values. R. are called to influence the objective course of life in order to direct it to the favourable course, perform the function of the regulator...
RODIONOV Vitaliy Grigoryevich
RODIONOV Vitaliy Grigoryevich (b. 5.10. 1947), literary critic, folklorist. Doctor of Philology (1993), Professor (1995). His research is devoted to the study of the genesis and features of the Chuvash prosody, the history of the development of Chuvash literature and writing, ceremonial folklore of...
ROUND DANCE
ROUND DANCE is a circle synchronized group dance which can be accompanied by singing or sometimes by playing musical instruments. Being a syncretic type of ethnic dance, it combines music, choreography, poetry, drama, symbolism of ethnic costumes etc. Its origin is connected with the ancient pagan ritual...
