Список материалов

LABOUR RESOURCES, population of working age (except disabled persons and persons receiving pension on preferential terms), working citizens of retirement age and adolescents, foreign labor migrants. In Bashkortostan, as well as in the RF generally, there are aging L.r. (an increase in the share of the...

LAGEREVSKOYE, swamp, a natural monument (2005). Located in the basin of the Ai River near Selo Lagerevo of Salavatsky Raion. Total area — 1.6 thous. ha. The following plants, included in The Red List of the RB, grow here: Salix pyrolifolia, swamp ledum, Gymnadenia odoratissima, Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum,...

LAKES, natural reservoirs with slow water exchange and coastal zone profile, developed under the impact of wind waves and current. Morphometric characteristics: surface area, volume, depth, length, width, indentation of shoreline, configuration of lake basin, etc. Bashkir Pre‑Urals are represented mostly...

LAKLINSKAYA CAVE, Tash‑kuesh, a natural monument (1965). Located on the right slope of the valley of the Lakly River (tributary of the Ai River), 1.6 km SW of Selo Lakly of Salavatsky Raion. Karst cave, it is a system of horizontal halls and galleries. Length 252 m, aver. width 19.5 m, height 5.0 m,...

LAND POLICY, State’s activities in the field of land relations. State regulation of relations Bashkirs with regard to their land dates back to the 13th century. The Golden Horde rulers issued yarlyks to the Bashkirs, in which they guaranteed the preservation of the Bashkir tribes’ and clans’ patrimonial...

LAND SURVEY, a complex of government events in Russia in the 2nd half of the 18th–early 20th centuries, aimed at the lands fund description and mapping, and the establishment and legal registration of land holding borders (ref. Land Policy). The General L.s. in the Orenburg Gub. was executed in 2 stages:...

LASER TECHNOLOGIES, a method of treatment, manufacture and change of the material or semi‑product state, properties and shape with solid‑state gas lasers (with power from 1 to several thousand watts). In the Republic, this technology has been applied sinсe late 1980s in various sectors of Industry,...

LATYPOV, Ural Ramdrakovich (b.28.2. 1951 in Derevnya Katayevo of Bakalinsky Raion of the BASSR), Statesman. Dr. of Laws (1993), Full Professor (1994). Colonel (1991). Awarded with the Order of Peoples’ Friendship (Republic of Belarus, 2005). Graduated from the Kazan University (1973) and Higher Courses...

LAZAREVA, Dina Naumovna   (11.9.1922, Posyolok Miasskiy Zavod of Chelyabinsk Gub. — 11.9.2019, Ufa), Pharmacologist. Merited Academician of the AS RB (1995), Doctor Sci (Medical Sciences) (1962), Full Professor (1963). Merited Master of Sciences of the RF (1993) and BASSR (1976), Excellent Worker of...

LEBEDEVA, Tatyana Romanovna (b.21.7.1976, Sterlitamak), Athlete. Merited Master of Sports (athletics) of Russia (2000). Awarded with the Order of Honour (2006), Order of Friendship (2001), the 2nd Class Medal of Order for Merits to the Fatherland (2009). A trainee of the Specialist Children and Youth...

LEECHES (Hirudinea), a class of annelids. There are 3 orders knows with about 400 species, spread in seas and freshwaters all over the globe. In the RB there are 14 species of hemipterus and gnathobdellid L. orders. They have a flat, rarely cylindrical body, with length range of 0.2–15.0 cm, with two...

LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY, an independent branch of state power, endowed with powers to enact laws, as well as the system of state bodies exercising these powers. In Bashkortostan, the functions of L.a. were performed by: Ufa Gub. Council of Workers, Peasant and Red Army Deputies (1917—22), All Bashkir...

LEMON TREE NURSERY, a training and experimental establishment of Ufimsky Forestry Technical College. It specializes in creation of lemon varieties and hybrids, growing and selling of exotic plant sprouts, flower seedlings and other crops. Established in 1990 as part of Belsky Forestry Enterprise, since...

LENIN  BREEDING  PLANT,  ООО. Specializes in breeding cattle of black and white, Bestuzhevskaya breeds. The company maintains a genetic pool. Located in Dyurtyulinsky Raion, the central farm is in Selo Sukkulovo. The number of cattle of Bestuzhevskaya breed — 900 (incl. 310 cows); the average annual...

LENIN (Ulyanov), Vladimir Ilyich (22.4.1870, Simbirsk – 21.1.1924, Posyolok Gorki of Moscow Gub.) Revolutionary Leader, Political and Social Activist. Graduated from the St. Petersburg University (1891). Participated in the creation of St. Petersburg Union for the Struggle for the Liberation of the...

LEONTYEV, Alexey Fyodorovich (27.3.1917, Selo Yakovtsevo of Nizhny Novgorod Gub. – 14.4.1987, Ufa), Mathematician. Associate Member of the AS USSR (1970), Dr.Sci. (Phys.‑Math.) (1948), Full Professor (1949). Merited Scientist of the BASSR (1975). Laureate of the USSR State Award (1989). Awarded with...

LEPYOKHIN, Ivan Ivanovich (10.9.1740, St. Petersburg – 6.4.1802, Ibid.), Traveller, Ethnographer. Acad. of the Academy of Sciences and Arts (1771). Leader of Academic expeditions of 1768–74. He described the structure of summer nomad camps of Bashkirs, the methods of cooking meat (bish­ barmak, salma)...

LIBRARIES, informational, cultural, educational institutions, which have an organized fund of documents of general circulation and provide them for temporary use to individuals and legal entities. By 2017, there were 1584 public L. (1470 of them were rural) under the auspices of the Ministry of Culture...

LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND Special Republican. Located in Ufa. It was established in 1935 in the premises of City Library No. 18. It has branches in Belebey, Beloretsk, Sterlitamak and 50 libraries in towns and raions of the RB. By 2017, there were more than 258 thousand units, about 87 thousand books printed...

LIFE SAFETY RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE RB, GUP. Located in Ufa. Estab­lished in 1993. Main activities include: eco­ analytical studies of environmental objects, environmental, sanitary and hygienic standardization for economic entities, development of geo­informational technologies in the field of environmental...