Список материалов

OBJECTS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE, historical and cultural monuments, real estate objects of value, deemed to have connection with history, archaeology, archi­tecture, urban development, fine art, science and technology, aesthetics, ethnology, anthropology and which are sources of information about the origin...

OBOLENTSEV, Roman Dmitriyevich (1.11.1906, Selo Alekseevka of Kharkov Gub. – 27.10.1968, Kiev), Petrochemist. D.Sci. (Chemical Sciences) (1951), Full Professor (1953). Merited Master of Sciences of the RSFSR (1964), of the BASSR (1957). Graduated from the Leningrad State University (1936). Between 1951–68...

OBSHCHIY SYRT, upland in the SE of the East European Plain. It extends in the territory of Saratov, Samara and Orenburg oblasts; within the territory of the RB, to the south from the Belebey Upland, there are extreme northern spurs of O.S. Length — approx. 500 km, abs. alt. — 405 m (Medvezhy Lob). The...

OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE AND HUMAN ECOLOGY INSTITUTE, a research institute in Ufa, a federal state‑financed scientific institution. Established in 1955. Main activities: research work in top‑priority fields of occupational health science, improvement of ambient and industrial environment monitoring methods...

ODINOKOV, Viktor Nikolayevich (b.22.12.1937 in Klin), Organic Chemist. Associate Member of the AS RB (1991), D.Sci. (Chemical Sciences) (1981), Full Professor (1984). Merited Master of Sciences of the RF (1998), BASSR (1987). Graduated from the Moscow Chemical Technology Institute (1960). Since 1970...

ODK–UFA MOTOR­BUILDING PRODUCTION ASSOCIATION, OAO. The largest manufacturer of aircraft engines in RF. It develops, manufactures and repairs gas turbine engines for military aviation, helicopter units; manufactures equipment for oil and gas industry, etc. It has the following branches: OKB named after...

OFFICIAL LANGUAGE, a language that performs an integrative function within the framework of a given state within its political, social and cultural spheres. The Constitution of the RF (Art. 68) and the Law of the RF On Languages of the Peoples of the Russian Federation of October 25th, 1991, (ed. December...

OIL AND GAS FIELDS, areas of sedimentary layers, rarer crystalline crust rocks containing one or several industrial oil‑and‑gas reservoirs. There are geological and recoverable reserves. By contiguity to geol. structures, there are structural (arched), lithological and reef reservoirs. By presence of...

OIL PRODUCTION INDUSTRY, a branch of fuel industry. Performs exploration, prospecting, development and operation of oil and gas fields, purification of the extracted oil from water, sulfur, paraffins, etc. Oil is produced in the territory of the RB and the RF. The largest industry enterprises: divisions...

OIL­REFINING INDUSTRY, a branch of fuel industry, associated with oil refining. Produces petroleum products (aromatic hydrocarbons, bitumen, boiler fuel, mineral oils, motor fuel, oil coke, olefins, drying oils, paraffins, tar, solvents, etc). Petroleum products are raw materials for the petrochemical...

OKHLEBININSKAYA CAVE, a natural monument (1965). Located on the right slope of the Belaya River at the Aktash Stow, 3 km E of Derevnya Okhlebinino of Iglinsky Raion. Length – 146 m, depth – 18 m, aver. width – 37 m, aver. height – 4.8 m (max. up to 9 m), area – 5,410 m2, volume – 21,100 m3. The entrance...

OKTYABRSKY, a city in the RB. Located on the Ik River (tributary of the Kama River), 185 km to the W of Ufa. Territory – 98.8 km2. Population – 113.8 thous. people (2018). The economy is comprised of mechanical engineering and fuel industry. There are: NGDU Tuymazaneft, PAO ANK Bashneft; enterprises:...

OLIMPIYA, a cave, a natural monument (1985). Located on the right bank of the Khazhinovskaya Shida River (tributary of the Seleuk River), 5 km SE of Derevnya Khazinovo of Ishimbaysky Raion. It is an inclined horizontal cave with wells. Length – 1,380 m, depth – 122 m, aver. width – 8.1 m, aver. height...

ON THE NIGHT OF THE LUNAR ECLIPSE (Ay Totolgan Tonde), a tragedy. Written in 1963 by M.Karim. The play consists of three acts. In the tragedy, the issue of internal human freedom trying to manifest itself is presented and the idea of spiritual liberation and protest against the canons of the patriarchal­clan...

OPERA, a form of musical theatrical art; a musical drama piece based on the synthesis of word, music and stage action. The first Bashkir O. were preceded by the musical comedies and perfor‑mances of troupes Nur, Saiyar, Shirket of the 1910–20s, which included folk and ethnographic images based on rituals,...

OPERA AND BALLET THEATRE, Bashkir state-owned. Opened on December 14th, 1938 in Ufa. The 1st Artistic Managing Dir. and Chief Conductor – P.M.Slavinsky, Dir. and Chief Stage Dir. – B.G.Imashev, ballet master – N.G.Zaytsev, Chief Artist – N.V.Sitnikov, choir master – N.A.Bolotov. Laureate of the RF Government...

OPTIMEDSERVICE, ZAO. It provides specialized medical care for patients with eye diseases, develops and manufactures medical equipment and materials for eye surgery, devices for contact vision correction. Located in Ufa. Founded in 1993. O. consists of research and production departments, 30 Optic‑Express...

ORE MINERAL DEPOSITS, areas on the surface or under Earth’s crust, having ore deposits, suitable for industrial development in terms of their size, quality and conditions of occurrence. They are represented by ferrous ores (iron, chrome, manganese), non‑ferrous ores (copper, aluminum, zinc, lead, etc),...

ORLOV, Viktor Semyonovich [2.4.1929, Derevnya Aleksandrovka of Ufimsky Canton of the BASSR (now Karmaskalinsky Raion of the RB) – 22.9.2002, Ufa], Journalist. Merited Cultural Sector Professional of the RSFSR (1988) and BASSR (1979). Laureate of the Award named after Sh.Khudayberdin (1990). Awarded...

ORNAMENT, traditional pattern built on the alternation and combination of geometrical or figurative (plant, zoomorphic, anthropomorphic) elements. O. was widely used by Bashkirs in the decoration of yurts and other dwellings, Bashkir costume, traditional adornments, household implements, sacred objects,...