Список материалов
CARPINI
CARPINI, Giovanni del Plano (ca. 1180 or, according to other data, ca. 1185 — 1252), Italian Traveler, Monk. In 1245, he headed the first European mission to the Mongolian Empire (the route crossed the territory of the Volga region, the Urals and Central Asia). Author of the literary works called The...
CATALYTIC CRACKING
CATALYTIC CRACKING, the process of destructive processing of crude oil engaging catalysts. It is designed for extraction of gasoline from high‑boiling oil fractions. It is a part of the process flowsheets of all Oil Refineries. First introduced at Ufimsky Oil Refinery in 1952. Three plants were launched...
CATTLE BREEDING
CATTLE BREEDING, a branch of livestock breeding. In the Republic, the total headcount of cattle in businesses of all categories amounted to 1,110.8, incl. cows — 465.5 thous.: agricultural entities – 405.9 and 153.8, homesteads – 594 and 261.8, peasant (farmer) farms — 110.9 and 49.9, correspondingly...
CAVES
CAVES, the forms of relief, representing hollow cavities in the upper layers of the earth’s crust, connected with the surface by means of entrance holes. By formation they are divided into natural and artificial caves, by the time of formation they are divided into speleocycles: small — 1.5—2 million...
CENTRAL SPIRITUAL ADMINISTRATION OF MUSLIMS OF RUSSIA
CENTRAL SPIRITUAL ADMINISTRATION OF MUSLIMS OF RUSSIA, a religious organization, uniting both religious groups and regional organizations. Located in Ufa. The main activities include the implementation of the (human) rights to freedom of confession of Islam; the spread of Muslim dogma; the development...
CENTRE FOR TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF AIDS AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
CENTRE FOR TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF AIDS AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES, the republican outpatient type institution. It was opened in 1989 in Ufa. The Centre provides specialized diagnostical, consultative, medical and preventive care, as well as support on legal, social and rehabilitation issues of HIV‑infected...
CHAK-CHAK
CHAK-CHAK, traditional dish of Bashkir cuisine. It is made from non‑stiff dough, mixed with eggs. Pieces of sliced dough are fried in a large amount of melted butter or visceral fat, mixed with honey or sugar syrup and laid out in a heap. Festive Ch.ch. is sometimes decorated with berry pastille. It...
CHALIAPIN, Fyodor Ivanovich
CHALIAPIN, Fyodor Ivanovich (1.2.1873, Kazan — 12.4.1938, Paris, in 1984 reburied in Moscow at the Novo‑Devichye cemetery), singer (high bass). People's Artist of the Republic (1918). Between 1890 — 91, he toured in Ufa. On December 18, 1890, he debuted in the hall of the Nobility Assembly building...
CHALIAPIN'S EVENINGS IN UFA
CHALIAPIN'S EVENINGS IN UFA, the International Festival of Opera Art. Held since 1991 at the Opera and Ballet Theatre, since 2003 – the international festival. The initiator of the festival is the Chairman of the Ufa Interregional Center G.A.Belskaya. Duration — 3—12 days. Among the participants are...
CHAMBER MUSIC
CHAMBER MUSIC, a form of music art, intended for the performance by a small band. C.m. has always been there in the music culture of Bashkortostan. In the 20—30s of the 20th century, the European composition techniques based on functional genres (waltz, march, folk tune, polka) were mastered: music...
CHAPAYEV, Vasily Ivanovich
CHAPAYEV, Vasily Ivanovich (28.1.1887, Derevnya Budayki of Kazan Gub. — 5.9.1919, near Lbishchensk of Ural Obl.), Member of the Revolutionary Movement. Awarded with the St. George’s Crosses, 1st, 2nd (both – 1916), 3rd and 4th (1915) Classes and the Order of the Red Flag (1919). Participant of the First...
CHAPEL CHOIR OF THE RB
CHAPEL CHOIR OF THE RB, state-owned academic. Established in 1969 at the Bashkir Philharmonia, since 1996 — became academic C.c. The founder, the 1st artistic managing director and the chief conductor was T.S.Saifullin. The first concert took place on April 12, 1970. C.c. cooperates with the National...
CHARADRIIFORMES
CHARADRIIFORMES, an order of birds. There are 11 known families with more than 300 species. There are 49 species of Burhinidae, Scolopacidae, Charadriidae, Glareolidae, Laridae, Recurvirostridae families in the RB. Migratory birds of small (small plover with body length of 15 cm and body mass range...
CHARM
CHARM, an object endowed with the ability to protect its owner from various disasters and to bring good luck. Amulets, beteu, mascots, plants, different metal objects, etc were used as Ch. (ref. Rituals). The faith of the Bashkirs in the magical power of Ch. goes back to pre‑Islamic beliefs (ref. Animals...
CHEKHOV, Anton Pavlovich
CHEKHOV, Anton Pavlovich (17.1.1860 in Taganrog — 2.7.1904 in Badenweiler Commune, Germany, buried in Moscow) was a Russian writer. Merited academician of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1900—02). Author of the following collections of stories: Tales of Melpomena (1884), At Twilight (1887), Frozen...
CHEKMAGUSHEVSKY RAION
CHEKMAGUSHEVSKY RAION, located in the NW of the RB. Established on August 20, 1930. Territory — 1,686 km2. Adm. centre — Selo Chekmagush, which is located 111 km NW of Ufa and 67 km N of the Buzdyak Railway Station. Population — 28.4 thous. people (2017). In 2018, the area of agricultural lands amounted...
CHEKMARYOV, Sergey Ivanovich
CHEKMARYOV,Sergey Ivanovich (31.12.1909 in Moscow — 11.5.1933, near Derevnya Suleymanovo, Zianchurinsky Raion of the BASSR) was a poet. Laureate of the Lenin Komsomol Award (1976). After graduating from Molotov Moscow Meat and Milk Institute in 1932 worked as a zoo‑technician in the Tanalyksky state...
CHEMICAL AND OIL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CHEMICAL AND OIL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, a branch of mechanical engineering, associated with the production of process equipment and equipment for chemical, petrochemical, oil and gas industries. The largest industry enterprises: Blagoveshchensk Valve Plant, Krasny Proletary, Devon‑Neftemash Plant (Oktyabrsky),...
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY, the total of manufacturing industries, associated with the processing of mineral and other raw materials. Includes paint industry, industry of plastic products, fiberglass materials, fiberglass products and their derivatives, basic chemistry, household chemistry, synthetic resins...
CHERKASOV, Andrey Gennadyevich
CHERKASOV, Andrey Gennadyevich (b.4.7.1970 in Ufa), Athlete. Merited Master of Sports (tennis) of Russia (2001). A trainee of the Specialist Children and Youth Sports Tennis School of the Olympic Reserve (Coach – N.L.Rogova). Bronze Medalist of the Olympic Games (1992), Winner of the Kremlin Cup International...
