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Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan State autonomous institution of science of the Republic of Bashkortostan Bashkir encyclopedia

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ETHNOGRAPHIC COLLECTIONS

ETHNOGRAPHIC COLLECTIONS of Bashkirs, include the objects of ethnos’ material culture and its local variants of ethnographic groups. The E.c. of Bashkirs were established during the Academic Expeditions of 1768 — 74, ethnographic expeditions, by scientists of the 18th — 21st centuries. At the Russian...

ETHNOGRAPHIC GROUPS

ETHNOGRAPHIC GROUPS, parts of ethnos, compactly living in a certain territory, preserving the peculiarities in the language and individual components of culture. Bashkirs are subdivided into South‑East., North‑East., North‑West., South‑West. E.g.; their ethnic basis was made up of the Mongolian and...

ETHYLENE

ETHYLENE, a colorless gas with a slight scent. The production of ethylene was mastered in Bashkortostan in 1957 at the Ufa Plant of Synthetic Alcohols through the pyrolysis of petroleum gas (since 1968 through the pyrolysis of gasoline). Used in the synthetic ethanol manufacturing by method of its hydration,...

EXECUTIVE AUTHORITY

EXECUTIVE AUTHORITY, an independent branch of state power, carrying out functions of state affairs management. E.a. accepts own resolutions and orders in execution of acts of legislative authority. In Bashkortostan, the functions of E.a. were performed by: Bashkir Government, Provisional Revolutionary...

EXPLORATION WELL GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY INSTITUTE

EXPLORATION WELL GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY INSTITUTE, a research and designing/engineering institution, research and production enterprise (NPP). Located in Oktyabrsky Raion. Established in 1956. VNIIneftepromgeofizika (Ufa) and the Kalinin department of VNIIGIS (Tver) were established under the aegis of the...

EYE DISEASE INSTITUTE

EYE DISEASE INSTITUTE, a research institute at the AS RB. Located in Ufa. Established in 1926. The Institute incorporates the Eye Disease Department and the Clinical Residency of the Medical University. Main activities: development of a system for comprehensive cornea treatment and refraction anomalies;...

F.GASKAROV’  FOLK  DANCE  ENSEMBLE

F.GASKAROV’  FOLK  DANCE  ENSEMBLE, State Academic Body of the Republic  of  Bashkortostan.  Founded  in 1938 in Ufa, it was named after the founder and the first art director F.A.Gaskarov in 1988. Initially, the repertoire was based on works that reproduced the choreography of the Bashkir folk dance:...

F.GASKAROV’ FOLK DANCE ENSEMBLE

F.GASKAROV’ FOLK DANCE ENSEMBLE, State Academic Body of theRepublicofBashkortostan. Founded in1938 inUfa, it was named after the founder and the first art director F.A.Gaskarov in 1988. Initially, the repertoire was based on works that reproduced the choreography of the Bashkir folk dance: solo performances...

FACING STONES

FACING STONES, rocks with decorative properties. They have different origin: magmatic (granite, sienites, diorites, gabbro, dolorite, labradorite, tufa, porphyry, etc), sedimentary (limestone, dolomite, sandstone, gypsum), metamorphic (marble, quartzite). The quality of F.s. is determined by their physical...

FAIRY­TALE

FAIRY­TALE, a folklore genre. An epic prose, which is magical, adventurous or household special in its nature. Reflects the world view of a people at different stages of its development. Bashk. F.‑t. are divided into three basic groups: animalistic, adventurous (heroic, magic and heroic, and magic)...

FAKHRETDINOV, Rizaitdin Fakhretdinovich, Riza Fakhretdin

FAKHRETDINOV, Rizaitdin Fakhretdinovich, Riza Fakhretdin [4.1.1859, Derevnya Kichuchatovo of Bugulminsky Uyezd of Samara Gub. (now Almetyevsky Raion of the RT) – 11.4.1936, Ufa, buried in the Muslim Cemetery in Ufa], Writer, Orientalist, Educator, Religious Figure, Mufti and Chairman of the Central...

FAKHREYEV, Gabdelkhai (Hai) Gimadiyevich

FAKHREYEV, Gabdelkhai (Hai) Gimadiyevich (4.9.1929, Derevnya UrshakBash-Yamgurchi of the Sterlitamaksky Сanton of the BASSR, now Selo Yangurcha of Sterlibashevsky Raion of the RB, — 31.8.1991, Ufa), Actor. People's Artist of the RF (1991) and BASSR (1974), Merited Artist of the RSFSR (1979) and BASSR...

FALCONIFORMES

FALCONIFORMES, an order of birds. There are 4 families known with 290 species. In the RB there are 30 species of Pandionidae, Falconidae and Accipitridae families. Non‑migratory, nomadic and migratory birds of average (the length of red‑footed falcon’s body reaches 33 cm with body mass range of 130–240...

FALK, Johann Peter

FALK, Johann Peter (1725, according to other data, 1727 or 1732, Sweden – 31.3.1774, Kazan), Traveller, Botanist. Dr.Sci (Medicine). Graduated from the Uppsala University (Sweden). Since 1767 – Dir. Of the Botanical Garden of the Imperial Academy of Sciences and Arts (St. Petersburg). Leader of Academic...

FARMING FIRM

FARMING FIRM, a business engaged in the production, processing and sale of agricultural products. In the RB, among the largest farming firms, are OOO Agrofirm Bayramgul (Uchalinsky Raion) and Nikolaevskaya (Ufimsky Raion), which specialize in the production, pro OOO Agrofirm Fyodorovka, (Khaybullinsky...

FARMSTANDART–UFAVITA

FARMSTANDART–UFAVITA, OAO, a largest enterprise for manufacturing of pharmaceurtical products in the RF (more than 140 names of medications of various pharmacotherapeutical groups and biologically active additives). Located in Ufa. It was founded in 1916 as an enterprise for the release of pastry, in...

FARRAKHOV, Minikhazi Minivaleyevich

FARRAKHOV, Minikhazi Minivaleyevich [19.3.1931, Selo Yumadybash, Tuymazinsky Raion of the BASSR (Sharansky Raion of the RB) – 1.2.2003, Ufa], Industrialist. Hero of Socialist Labour (1986). Awarded with the Order of Lenin (1971, 1986), the Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1966), and the Order of People’s...

FAYZULLIN, Fanil Saitovich

FAYZULLIN, Fanil Saitovich (b.20.5.1942 in Derevnya Novo-Karashidy of Ufimsky Raion of the BASSR), Philosopher, Sociologist. Acad. of the AS RB (1991), D.Phil (1983), Full Professor (1984). Merited Master of Sciences of the BASSR (1985), Merited Specialist of the Higher School of the RF (2003). Graduated...

FEATURE FILM

FEATURE FILM, a type of visual artcreated by the cinematographic embodimentof the script by means of the actor’s play, directing, camera action, the creative workof the decorator, composer, etc, as well asworks of graphic and three‑dimensional animation (ref. Animation Cinema). First F.f. on the territory...

FENCING

FENCING, a sport involving the use of the sword—йpйe, foil, or sabre. In Bashkortostan, F. developed in Ufa in late 50s of the 20th century. The first F. branch of the Ufa Youth Sports School (now the Sports Skills Development School of the RB) was opened in 1959. In 2011, Ufa Specialized Children and...