Список материалов
BUZDYAKSKY CANNING FACTORY
BUZDYAKSKY CANNING FACTORY, a branch of AO Pishcheprom. Processes fruits and vegetables. Located in Selo Buzdyak of Buzdyaksky Raion of the RB. The factory consists of the canning shops, vegetable storage (1,200 t), etc. There are production lines for more than 80 canned products, including tomato...
BUZDYAKSKY RAION
BUZDYAKSKY RAION, located on the W of the RB. Established on August 20th, 1930, included some volosts of Belebeyevsky Canton. Abolished on February 1st, 1963, the territory became part of Tuymazinsky Raion. Newly established on November 4th, 1965. Territory — 1,632.8 km2. Adm. centre — Selo Buzdyak,...
BY A WING OF A GOLDEN EAGLE
BY A WING OF A GOLDEN EAGLE (Borkot kanaty), a novel. Written between 1981–85 by K.Margen. It consists of four books: The Decay (1981), The Testament (1981), The Explosion (1985) and The Roads (1985). It tells about the crucial events in the history of the Bashkir people in the 16th century during Accession...
BYKIN, Yakov Borisovich
BYKIN, Yakov Borisovich (1888, Mestechko Krestovoye of Vitebsk Gub. – 1938, Moscow), Soviet Communist Party Activist. Awarded with the Order of Lenin (1935). Member of the Bund since 1903 and Russian Social Democratic Labour Party since 1906. Graduated from the Communist Academy (Moscow, 1927). In 1904...
BYLICHKA
BYLICHKA is a folklore genre, a short story about a person meeting a supernatural creature. The narration is told on behalf of the main character by his friend, and the plausibility of the story is the organizing aesthetic basis of the genre. The main purpose of the narrator is to express a tense psychological...
BYSTRIY TANYP
BYSTRIY TANYP (in translation from the Bashkir — agile, fast), a river, a right tributary of the Belaya River. Length — 345 km, basin area — 7,560 km2. The length of B.T. in the territory of the RB is approx. 140 km. The basin is located in the Kamsko-Belsk rolling depression. The relief is represented...
CADRILLE
CADRILLE is an ethnic and ballroom pair dance. There are Moscow C., Volga, Ural C., etc. There are ethnic dances that are the variations of C.: the dances of four, six, seven, eight, kadrel, lantse, etc. It was popular in 19th – early 20th centuries during the games and beanfeasts in Belarusian, Russian,...
CALCINED SODA
CALCINED SODA (soda ash). The production of C.s. by the Solve method (chemical interaction of carbon dioxide and ammonia with a saturated water solution of chloride and the subsequent burning of the resultant sodium bicarbonate) was mastered in Bashkortostan at the Sterlitamak Soda Plant in 1951. C.s....
CALENDAR POETRY
CALENDAR POETRY is folklore works which are a part of naturalseasonal rituals (see Rituals). Peoples have universal ideological and functional bases of C.p.: deification and personification of living nature, belief in magical power of words (see Magic), personification of the highest celestials (Tengri,...
CANCER HOSPITAL
CANCER HOSPITAL, the leading republican clinical specialized Tumor Treatment Centre in Bashkortostan. Founded in 1945 in Ufa. It consists of 2 polyclinics, the inpatient clinic with thoracic, proctological, gastroenterological, mammological, urological, gynecological, urological, gynecological departments,...
CANTON
CANTON,
1) military unit in the canton administration system in Russia. Established by the Decree of April 10th 1798. They were established based on territorial subdivision; divided into Yurts (Bashkir and Mishar C.) and Regiments (Cossack); often the territory of one volost was divided between several...
CANTON SYSTEM
CANTON SYSTEM, a form of military administration in Bashkortostan between 1798—1865. Main purposes: prevention of the Bashkir uprisings (ref. Bashkir Uprisings in the 17—18th centuries), colonization of the region, and creation of the bridgehead for attack of the Middle Asia. In 1789, Ufa and Simbirsk...
CARAVAN TRADE ROUTES
CARAVAN TRADE ROUTES, a system of trade routes, connecting the countries of the East and the West in Antiquity, and the Middle Ages. Information on routes from Central Asia and the Caucasus to the Urals is contained in the writings of ancient authors (Herodotus, Ptolemy) and 9—10th centuries Arab‑Persian...
CARDIONEUROLOGICAL CENTRE
CARDIONEUROLOGICAL CENTRE, OOO, a multidisciplinary medical centre, which is part of Promeditsina Holding. Founded in Ufa in 2007. Provides paid outpatient (incl. home‑based), primary medical and specialized medical care to adults and children. Also provides laboratory (allergic, genetic, histological...
CARNIVORES
CARNIVORES (Carnivora), an order of mammals. There are 7 known families with 240 species. There are 16 species of 5 families (Procyonidae, Felidae, Mustelidae, Ursidae, Canidae) in the RB. The length of their bodies varies from 11 (weasel) to 250 cm (brown bear), and their mass varies from 100 g to...
CARPINI
CARPINI, Giovanni del Plano (ca. 1180 or, according to other data, ca. 1185 — 1252), Italian Traveler, Monk. In 1245, he headed the first European mission to the Mongolian Empire (the route crossed the territory of the Volga region, the Urals and Central Asia). Author of the literary works called The...
CATALYTIC CRACKING
CATALYTIC CRACKING, the process of destructive processing of crude oil engaging catalysts. It is designed for extraction of gasoline from high‑boiling oil fractions. It is a part of the process flowsheets of all Oil Refineries. First introduced at Ufimsky Oil Refinery in 1952. Three plants were launched...
CATTLE BREEDING
CATTLE BREEDING, a branch of livestock breeding. In the Republic, the total headcount of cattle in businesses of all categories amounted to 1,110.8, incl. cows — 465.5 thous.: agricultural entities – 405.9 and 153.8, homesteads – 594 and 261.8, peasant (farmer) farms — 110.9 and 49.9, correspondingly...
CAVALRY HORSE WITH A STAR ON HIS FOREHEAD
“CAVALRY HORSE WITH A STAR ON HIS FOREHEAD”, “A h o r s e w i t h a w h i t e s t r i p e o n h i s f o r e h e a d”, Bashkir ethnic song, uzun-kuy. First registered by A.S. Klyucharyev in 1933 from A. Karimov, a worker of the Beloretsk Metallurgical Plant, published in the book “Bashkort...
CAVES
CAVES, the forms of relief, representing hollow cavities in the upper layers of the earth’s crust, connected with the surface by means of entrance holes. By formation they are divided into natural and artificial caves, by the time of formation they are divided into speleocycles: small — 1.5—2 million...
