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PEASANT INSURGENCY OF 1918–21
PEASANT INSURGENCY OF 1918–21, anti‑Bolshevik peasants uprisings caused by discontent with the policy of the Soviet power, particularly introduction of rigid centralization to the national economy. In Ufa Gub., the first uprisings took place between March—April 1918, in Birsky Uyezd, which was severely...
PEASANT LAND BANK
PEASANT LAND BANK, monument of history, architecture and urban planning of the beginning of the 20th century. Located in Ufa (14 Sovetskaya Street). Built by architect Drucker in 1906 (or, according to other data, in 1908 and possibly 1912). It is a two‑story brick building of eclectic style with modern...
PEASANT REFORM OF 1861
PEASANT REFORM OF 1861, a reform that abolished serfdom in Russia. In Ufa, the Manifesto on Reform was announced on March 15th, 1861. In Orenburg Gub. personal freedom and property rights were received by landlords peasants (137.4 thous. people), peasants of private mining plants (137.8 thous. people)...
PEASANT WAR OF 1773—75
PEASANT WAR OF 1773—75 (Pugachyov Uprising, the 1773—75 Civil War) is Russia’s largest movement of the masses of people in the Middle and Lower Volga, the Southern Urals and Western Siberia territories. Caused by the strengthening of feudal oppression, violation of the South‑Eastern territories population’s...
PEKARSKY, Pyotr Petrovich
PEKARSKY, Pyotr Petrovich [19.5.1827, Seltso Otrada of Ufa Uyezd of Ufa Gub., now within the limits of Ufa, — 12.7.1872, Pavlovsk], a historian, bibliographer. Academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg (1868), Dr.Sci (Russian History,1872). Actual State Counsellor. Graduated...
PELICANS
PELICANS (Pelecanus), a phylum of birds of Pelecanidae or Steganopodous family. There are 6 species throughout the globe. In the RB there are Dalmatian P. and Pink P. P. have body length range of 160–180 cm (140–175 cm for Pink P.), and body mass up to 14 kg. They eat fish. In the 1940s, the Dalmatian...
PENTATONIC
PENTATONIC is a sound system with 5 steps within an octave. P. is the basis of mode thinking of many peoples including Bashkirs, Tatars, Maris, Chuvashes, Mordovians, Udmurts living in the Volga and Urals regions. There are 4 types of P.: semitoneless (angemitone), semitone, mixed, tempered. The sounds...
PEOPLE’S ARMED LAW ENFORCEMENT TROOPS
PEOPLE’S ARMED LAW ENFORCEMENT TROOPS (PALET), detachments of the Red Guard in the South Urals. Formed by the Ufa Council of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies in the Summer–Autumn period of 1917. They were first named workers’ militia druzhinas (detachments), whose task was to protect law and order in...
PEOPLE’S ASSEMBLY OF THE RB
PEOPLE’S ASSEMBLY OF THE RB, public organization established to preserve and strengthen international harmony in the RB and the Russian Federation. Located in Ufa. Founded in June 2000, by the World Kurultay (Congress) of Bashkirs, Russians Assembly of Bashkortostan, Tatars Congress of Bashkortostan...
PEOPLE’S SESEN OF BASHKIR ASSR
PEOPLE’S SESEN OF BASHKIR ASSR is an honorary title. It was given to people prominent for their improvisational achievements in art. It was established by the decree of the Supreme Council of BASSR Presidium of April 14, 1944. The Supreme Council of BASSR could assign or remove the title after the Writers...
PEOPLES OF BASHKORTOSTAN
PEOPLES OF BASHKORTOSTAN. The territory of the modern Bashkortostan in ancient times and the Middle Ages was inhabited by Indo‑Iranian, Finnougric and Turkic tribes. Those, to a varying degree, influenced the formation of ancient Bashkir tribes. The first mention of the Bashkirs living on the terr....
PERENNIAL GRASSES
PERENNIAL GRASSES, a group of grasses of Poaceae and Fabaceae families, growing in one location for a number of years. Fabaceae perennial grasses are represented by clover, medick, esparcet, galega, etc. The cereal perennial grasses include quack grass, brome, meadow grass, foxtail, fescue, timothy,...
PERINATAL CENTRE
PERINATAL CENTRE, the largest republican clinical maternity obstetric institution in the RB providing full set of specialized medical services, including hightech obstetric care for women in childbirth, newborns, pregnant women and women willing to get pregnant. Was formed in 2018 by the merge of the...
PEROVSKIY, song
“PEROVSKIY”, “Perovskiy march”, Bashkir ethnic naigrysh melody. First registered by K.B. Shubert, published in the book “Music and songs of the Ural Muslims and their household description”. Naigrysh resembles a dancing march. Its origin is connected with the expedition led by V.A. Perovskiy in 1853...
PEROVSKY (Perovsky March)
PEROVSKY (Perovsky March),
1) Bashk. folk tune. First recorded by K.B.Schubert and published in The Music and Songs of Ural Muslims with an Essay of Their Everyday Life book. Dancing and marching tune. The P. appeared in the 1853 military campaign under the command of V.A.Perovsky to the Ak-Mechet...
PEROVSKY, Vasily Alekseyevich
PEROVSKY, Vasily Alekseyevich (9.2.1795, Selo Pochep of Chernigov Gub. — 6.12.1857, Poselok Alupka of Tavricheskaya Gub., buried in Balaklava of Tavricheskaya Gub.), State and Military Leader. Adjutant General (1833), Cavalry General (1843). Count (1855). Awarded with the Order of St. Andrey Pervozvanny...
PERVOMAYSKY
PERVOMAYSKY, spruce and fir forests of the Ufa Plateau, landscape wildlife reserve of area 1.7 thous. ha at the border of Nurimanovsky Raion of the RB and Chelyabinsk Oblast. It was organized to protect and study relict broadleaf and dark coniferous forests (1968). It is located in the south-east p....
PET-TECHNOLOGY
PET-TECHNOLOGY, a federal network of nuclear medicine centers. It specializes in diagnostics and treatment of oncologic diseases and production of radiopharmaceuticals. The network utilize the PET/CT-scanning (positron-emission tomography combined with computer tomography) and the Cyber-Knife robotized...
PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY
PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY, a manufacturing industry, in which production processes are based on the petrochemical synthesis of products. Includes the production of synthetic rubber, the products of basic organic synthesis, black carbon, rubber‑asbestos and tire industry. The hydrocarbons of oil and gas...
PETROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS
PETROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS, large capacity production of organic and inorganic products based on petroleum hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon gases. Production of petrochemical products was commissioned, in Bashkortostan, at the Ufa Oil Refinery, Ishimbay gasoline, pyrolysis (No.411) and sulfuric plants during...
