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IDEL is a character of Bashkir folklore, the son of Ura-batyr and Khumay. “Ural-batyr” epic shows that as an infant he defeated a diyu that had assaulted his mother. With his mother’s blessing he went to his father to help him to defeat the evil powers. Ural­-batyr, I. and his brothers Nugush, Yaik...

IDELBAYEV Miras Khamzovich (b. 9.12. 1945), literary critic, writer. Doctor of Philology (2001), Professor (2014). His scientific works are devoted to the study of Bashkir oral literature etc, in particular, the works of yyrau and sesens, genres of medieval literature, the life and work of Salavat Yulayev,...

IDRISOV Mukhamet Ramazanovich (18.2. 1920, Derevnya Murzino 2nd of Burzyan-­Tangaurovsky Canton of  the ASBR  –  4.2.2012, Ufa), Dancer. Merited Artist of RSFSR (1955), and Merited (1945) and People’s (1953) Artist of  BASSR. Awarded  with  the  Order  of  the Badge of Honour (1949). Between 1941–63,...

“IDUKAY  AND  MURADYM”  (Idukay menen Muradym) is a monumental epic work of Bashkir literature. Traced back to the All­ Turkic epic Idige. Written in a combined poetic and prosaic form. Fragments of the epic are recorded and published by M.I. Umetbaev (1883), Kh.G. Gabitov (1923), G.F. Vildanov (1927)...

IGNATYEV Ruf Gavrilovich (7.9.1818, Moskovskaya region – 2.1.1886,  Orenbugr), translator, local historian.   Graduated from The Lazarev Institute of  Oriental Languages (Moscow), Paris Conservatory. He collected the archeological, historical ethnographic, folklore materials of  Bashkirs, Kazakhs, Russians...

IKHTISAMOV Khamzafar Sabirovich (27.1.1937–13.12.2008), musicologist-­folklorist. His research is devoted to ethnic music of Bashkirs, works of folk singers and musicians, comparative typological analysis of musical folklore of Turkic­speaking peoples. Author of more than 50 research papers. The organizer...

“ILYAS”, Bashkir ethnic song, uzun­-kuy. First registered by L.N. Lebedinskiy in 1937 from M.F. Burangulov, published in “Bashkort khalk yirdary” collection by G.Z. Suleymanov. The song is lyro­dramatic. According to the legend, the origin of “I.” is connected with a tragic accident at hunting. One...

ILYASOV Spartak Muzhavirovich (b. 7.11. 1941), a carrier of folklore, writer, local historian. I. collected and performed the versions of songs “Azamatov-Canton”, “Iremel”, “Fog”, “Ural”, as well as “Cuckoo”, “Malbay”, “Beyet about the Fugitives”, etc. These records are stored in the folklore office...

ILYIN DAY is a religious day for Slavic people. It is also a holiday of the summer cycle of Orthodox people dedicated to the Saint­ Prophet Iliya (Ilya). It is celebrated annually on August 2. According to the ethnic tradition, the prophet is a master of thunder, sky fire, rain, a protector of crops...

IMAYEVA Gulnara Zaynetdinovna (b. 14.1. 1965), folklorist. Doctor of Philology (2010). Her research is devoted to the study of Russian folk fairytales and their typological relationships with Eastern Slavic, Turkic (including Bashkir) tradition and literature. Author of more than 60 research papers. G.R....

IMPROVISATION is the process of creating a work publicly particularly at the moment of performance in front of the audience. I. is the main way to create works in oral poetic art. The improvised texts were very often based on a melody or a recitative and were accompanied by musical instrumental playing....

INSTITUTE OF ETHNOLOGICAL STUDIES of R.G . K u z e e v U R C R A S. Founded in 1993 in Ufa, in 2011 was named after R.G. Kuzeev. Its researchers study the ethnography and ethnic history of Bashkortostan peoples, their archeology, religious studies, ethnic political science, materials of archeological...

INSTITUTE OFHISTORY, LANGUAGE AND  LITERATURE  O f  U R C  R A S. Founded in 1932 in Ufa. Awarded the order “Badge of Honor” (1982). It provides studies for new scientific workers in the sphere of humanities; conducts archeological, ethnographic studies of the Bashkir people, historical and art, linguistic,...

INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE is a term including the customs, expressive forms and images of oral traditions, language, knowledge and skills as well as the tools connected with them, object, artifacts and cultural spaces accepted as a part of cultural heritage by communities or people and transferred...

INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF ORGA­ NIZATIONS OF FOLKLORE FESTIVALS AND FOLK ARTS (CIOFF®), is an international nongovernmental organization, official partner of UNESCO, the main goal of which is to preserve and promote the intangible cultural heritage of peoples from all over the world. There are ethnic...

“IRANDEK”, dance ensemble of Bashkir State University. Established in 1971 in Ufa, in 1977 it received the title “People’s”; in 2014, it became an honored folk-­art team of RB; it has had its current name since 1989. The repertoire includes the classics of Bashkir choreography: “Gulnazira”, “Hunter”...

“IRANDYK”, an ensemble of kuray players of Sibay Children’s Music School. Established in 2001. In 2013, it earned the title “Exemplary”; in 2017, it became an honored folk­art team of RB. The founder and artistic director is the education expert of RB I.S. Khasanov. The repertoire includes the instrumental...

“IREMEL”, “I r a m a l i”, Bashkir ethnic song, uzun-kuy. Variants of “I.” were first  registered by S.A. Galin in 1962 in the Chelyabinsk region, the texts were published in “Bashkir ethnic art. Songs” collection (1974); also, there is a record made by D.Z. Valeev. The Lyro­-epic song is full of great...

“IRENDYK”, Bashkir ethnic song, kyska-kuy. First registered by S.K. Gabyashi, published in the “Bashkort khalk yirdary” collection. It is an old hunting song of a merry nature. According to one of the legends, it was compo­ sed by hunter and quaray player Bulgair, who was fascinated by the beauty of...

IRGAIL is a character of Bashkir magical fairytales, a chthonian creature. It looks like an old dwarf with a long beard “half of a yard in height, but the beard is five hundred yards in length”, which hoards all his power. It is connected to dark evil powers. It lives underground. If people do not obey...